Model Desain Fresh Water Generator Sederhana sebagai Alat Pengubah Air Payau menjadi Air Tawar dengan Menggunakan Energi Panas Matahari untuk Masyarakat Pesisir Pantai
Politeknik Pelayaran Banten
Politeknik Pelayaran Banten
Politeknik Pelayaran Banten
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62391/ejmi.v8i1.230Keterbatasan akses air tawar akibat intrusi air laut dan abrasi menjadi permasalahan krusial bagi masyarakat pesisir yang belum terjangkau infrastruktur pengadaan air bersih. Salah satu solusi inovatif untuk mengatasi masalah ini adalah penerapan Fresh Water Generator (FWG) berbasis panas matahari. Penelitian ini mengusulkan pemanfaatan teknologi Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) dengan desain Cavity Receiver sebagai Heat Plate pada sistem FWG, yang dirancang untuk memaksimalkan area penyerapan radiasi surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ketebalan material dan kecepatan aliran fluida kerja terhadap kinerja termal Cavity Receiver. Evaluasi terhadap koefisien perpindahan panas menyeluruh dari berbagai variasi desain dilakukan menggunakan metode simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa variasi ketebalan material dan kecepatan aliran secara signifikan memengaruhi tekanan dan suhu kerja fluida. Konfigurasi paling optimal dicapai pada desain Cavity Receiver dengan ketebalan material 1 mm dan kecepatan aliran fluida sebesar 0,05 m/s, yang mampu menghasilkan suhu fluida hingga 54°C. Kesimpulannya, optimasi pada parameter desain tersebut secara langsung meningkatkan performa Heat Plate dan berdampak pada peningkatan efisiensi termal sistem FWG secara keseluruhan.
The limited access to fresh water due to seawater intrusion and abrasion has become a crucial problem for coastal communities unreached by clean water supply infrastructure. An innovative solution to address this issue is the application of a solar-powered Fresh Water Generator (FWG). This study proposes the utilization of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) technology with a Cavity Receiver design as the Heat Plate in the FWG system, which is designed to maximize the solar radiation absorption area. This research aims to analyze the effect of material thickness and working fluid flow velocity on the thermal performance of the Cavity Receiver. The evaluation of the overall heat transfer coefficient from various design variations was conducted using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation method. The simulation results indicate that variations in material thickness and flow velocity significantly affect the pressure and working temperature of the fluid. The most optimal configuration was achieved in the Cavity Receiver design with a material thickness of 1 mm and a fluid flow velocity of 0.05 m/s, which is capable of producing a fluid temperature of up to 54°C. In conclusion, the optimization of these design parameters directly improves the Heat Plate's performance and contributes to the enhancement of the overall thermal efficiency of the FWG system.
Keywords: Concentrated Solar Power Cavity Receiver Heat Plate Computational Fluid Dynamics Desalinasi Air
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