Literatur Review Analisis Jenis, Penyebab, dan Mitigasi Kerusakan Peti Kemas pada Proses Bongkar Muat
Akademi Ilmu Pelayaran Nusa Tenggara
Akademi Ilmu Pelayaran Nusa Tenggara
Akademi Ilmu Pelayaran Nusa Tenggara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62391/ejmi.v7i2.161Containers in the modern industry play a crucial role in supporting the efficiency, security, and standardization of goods distribution at both national and international levels. The loading and unloading processes of containers at port constitute an important part of the maritime supply chain; however, the effectiveness of this process is often hindered by technical and operational issues, which clearly impact the safety of the cargo. The objective of this study is to identify the types of container damage, analyse the causative factors, and formulate mitigation strategies during the loading and unloading process at the port. The method employed is a literature review using purposive sampling of 20 academic articles from the period 2005 to 2025 drawn from various databases. The data are analysed via content analysis and thematic analysis, and source triangulation is conducted to enhance validity. The results indicate that container damage falls into three categories: structural (dents, corner deformation, cracks), functional (loose joints, damage to hooks), and specific damage (malfunction of refrigeration system). The causative factors include human error, technical condition of equipment, environmental influences (extreme weather and corrosion), suboptimal work systems, and weak monitoring systems. The mitigation strategies comprise operator training, routine inspection, implementation of safety SOPs, and the use of detection technologies (sensors, RFID, IDM, YOLO-NAS). This research emphasizes the importance of integrating multiple aspects, human, technical, and technological, to enhance efficiency, security, and operational reliability in ports.
Keywords: Loading-Unloading Container Damage Technology Mitigation Monitoring System
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