Optimalisasi perawatan mesin jangkar berbasis praktik operasional untuk meningkatkan keandalan proses berlabuh pada Kapal MV. Trifosa
Politeknik Pelayaran Banten
Politeknik Pelayaran Banten
Politeknik Pelayaran Banten
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62391/ejmi.v7i2.152Mesin jangkar (anchor windlass) merupakan peralatan vital dalam mendukung keselamatan dan kelancaran proses berlabuh kapal. Kegagalan fungsi mesin jangkar dapat menimbulkan keterlambatan operasional dan meningkatkan risiko kecelakaan pelayaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan perawatan mesin jangkar serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keandalan operasional mesin jangkar pada kapal MV. Trifosa. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung di atas kapal, wawancara dengan awak kapal, serta studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perawatan mesin jangkar belum dilaksanakan secara optimal, yang ditandai dengan kurangnya pelumasan berkala, keterbatasan suku cadang dan pelumas khusus, serta belum terstrukturnya sistem perawatan terencana. Selain itu, perbedaan tingkat kompetensi teknis awak kapal turut memengaruhi kualitas perawatan yang dilakukan. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan perawatan bersifat reaktif dan berpotensi menurunkan keandalan mesin jangkar saat digunakan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan Planned Maintenance System (PMS) secara konsisten, peningkatan kompetensi awak kapal melalui pelatihan teknis berkelanjutan, serta penguatan koordinasi antara departemen dek dan mesin. Optimalisasi perawatan ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan keandalan mesin jangkar, meminimalkan gangguan operasional, dan mendukung keselamatan pelayaran.
The anchor windlass is a critical piece of ship machinery that plays a vital role in ensuring safe and efficient anchoring operations. Failure of this equipment may lead to operational delays and increased maritime safety risks. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of anchor windlass maintenance and to identify factors affecting its operational reliability on board MV. Trifosa. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through direct onboard observation, crew interviews, and documentation review. The findings indicate that anchor windlass maintenance has not been optimally implemented, as evidenced by insufficient routine lubrication, limited availability of spare parts and specialized lubricants, and the absence of a structured planned maintenance system. Variations in crew technical competence also contribute to inconsistent maintenance practices. These conditions result in reactive maintenance, which may reduce equipment reliability during anchoring operations. This study recommends the consistent implementation of a Planned Maintenance System (PMS), continuous technical training for crew members, and improved coordination between deck and engine departments. Such maintenance optimization is expected to enhance anchor windlass reliability, minimize operational disruptions, and improve overall maritime safety.
Keywords: Mesin jangkar perawatan kapal keandalan peralatan keselamatan pelayaran planned maintenance system
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