Strategi pencegahan overpressure di jalur manifold melalui pengelolaan cargo heater di VLGC Rubra
STIP Jakarta
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pelayaran Jakarta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62391/ejmi.v7i1.132Peningkatan kebutuhan energi global telah menjadikan liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sebagai salah satu komoditas utama dalam sektor transportasi maritim. Namun, proses pengangkutan LPG memiliki tantangan tersendiri karena sifatnya yang mudah terbakar dan tekanan tinggi yang dapat membahayakan keselamatan operasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) pada sistem cargo heater selama kegiatan ship-to-ship transfer di kapal Very Large Gas Carrier (VLGC) Rubra, khususnya dalam mencegah lonjakan tekanan pada jalur manifold. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi selama pelaksanaan praktik laut. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan diagram sebab-akibat (fishbone diagram) untuk mengidentifikasi akar masalah yang meliputi kerusakan pada komponen flow tube cargo heater serta kurangnya pemahaman kru terhadap prosedur pembongkaran LPG. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa korosi dan keterbatasan perawatan rutin menjadi penyebab utama kerusakan sistem, sedangkan kurangnya pelatihan teknis menyebabkan kesalahan dalam pengoperasian cargo heater. Penelitian merekomendasikan penerapan SOP secara lebih disiplin dan penyusunan program pelatihan terstruktur bagi kru kapal untuk meningkatkan kompetensi teknis dan keselamatan kerja. Kesimpulannya, penerapan SOP yang tepat pada sistem cargo heater terbukti efektif dalam mencegah peningkatan tekanan pada jalur manifold, meningkatkan keselamatan operasional, serta mendukung kelancaran proses bongkar muat LPG secara keseluruhan.
The increasing global demand for energy has positioned liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as a key commodity in the maritime transportation sector. However, the transportation of LPG presents specific challenges due to its flammable nature and the high pressure involved, which can pose serious safety risks. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the cargo heater system during ship-to-ship transfer operations on the Very Large Gas Carrier (VLGC) Rubra, with a particular focus on preventing pressure surges in the manifold line. A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing direct observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation during sea practice activities. Data were analyzed using a fishbone diagram to identify the root causes of problems, including damage to the cargo heater flow tube and insufficient crew understanding of LPG unloading procedures. The findings reveal that corrosion and inadequate maintenance are the primary causes of equipment failure, while a lack of technical training contributes to operational errors. The study recommends stricter SOP implementation and the development of structured training programs to enhance crew competence and operational safety. In conclusion, proper application of SOPs for cargo heaters is proven to be effective in preventing pressure increases in the manifold line, enhancing operational safety, and ensuring the smooth execution of LPG unloading operations.
Keywords: LPG Cargo Heater Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Ship-to-Ship Transfer Keselamatan Operasional
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